Data in support of high rate of pregnancy related deaths in Maiduguri,Borno State,Northeast Nigeria

Pregnancy relateddeaths(PRD)arepublichealthconcerninmost developing countriesandNigeriainparticular.Despitetheefforts put inbytheconcernedauthorities,PRDremainsanintegralpart of maternalmortalityormaternaldeathsinNigeriaingeneraland Borno stateinparticular,asevidencedfromtherecordsobtained from UmaruShehuHospital,Maiduguri(astatehospitalinthe state capital.ThedatacontainsfrequencyofPRDinmonthsand grouped intogynaecology,ante-natalandpost-natal,andlabour obtained frommid-2009tomid-2017.Thestatisticalanalysisof the datamayrevealtheextentofincidenceorepidemiologyof PRD isinthestat

Cost Management Practice of Construction Firms and Its Influencing Factors: Lessons from Southwestern Nigeria

The growing need at maintaining steady cost projection of construction projects has been an issue of serious concern to both the clients and the construction practitioners on sites. Also, cost deviation from initial cost plan and cost budget has been prevalent on construction sites and no concerted efforts have been made at addressing this phenomenon. This study therefore examined the factors that are considered to be affecting the cost management practice of construction firms in the southwestern Nigeria and also proffered possible ways of ameliorating the factors. Using survey approach, one hundred copies each of structured questionnaires were distributed to clients, contractors and consultants on construction sites in the study area while 72, 77 and 78 copies were duly filled and returned by the respondents respectively. Relative Importance Index (RII) technique was used for the analysis. The results revealed that poor leadership and in appropriate management, inefficient deployment of resources, excessive wastage of materials on sites, complex payment mechanisms, theft of materials on sites and variation during construction works are the prevailing factors affecting construction cost management practice in the study area. It was concluded that extra focus should be placed on the identified factors with a view to reducing cost of construction, enhancing construction performance and building confidence within the construction industry in the study area

Farmers’ Perception towards Organic-based Vegetable Produc-tion in Ilaro Agricultural Zone, Ogun State, Nigeria

It is well established that organic farming is a production system that sustain the health of the soils, ecosystems and people. This study assessed the small-scale farmers’ perception towards organic based vegetable production in Ilaro agricultural zone of Ogun state, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used in the selection of 85 respondents for the study. Data were obtained using a structured interview schedule. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results indicated that the mean age of the respondents was 30 years and 48.2% of the respondents were married. The major determinants of organic based vegetable production were information from extension agents (18.8%) and consumer’s requests (17.7%). Also, the respondent’s major perceived effect of organic vegetable production were; organic vegetable is environmentally friendly ( ̅χ=4.32) and free from any synthetic chemical ( ̅χ=4.10). There were significant association between educational status (χ2=1.923, df=5, p<0.05) and perceived effect of respondents. Also, there was positive and significant relationship between sources of information of organic vegetable production (r = 0.235*, p< 0.05), age (r = 0.195**, p< 0.05), and perceived effect of respondents. It was concluded that organic based vegetable production is a panacea for sustainable agriculture

Solutions of Chi-square Quantile Differential Equation

The quantile function of probability distributions is often sought after because of their usefulness. The quantile function of some distributions cannot be easily obtained by inversion method and approximation is the only alternative way. Several ways of quantile approximation are available, of which quantile mechanics is one of such approach. This paper is focused on the use of quantile mechanics approach to obtain the quantile ordinary differential equation of the Chi-square distribution since the quantile function of the distribution does not have close form representations except at degrees of freedom equals to two. Power series, Adomian decomposition method (ADM) and differential transform method (DTM) was used to find the solution of the nonlinear Chi-square quantile differential equation at degrees of freedom equals to two. The approximate solutions converge to the closed (exact) solution. Furthermore, power series method was used to obtain the solutions for other degrees of freedom and series expansion was obtained for large degrees of freedom

Ordinary Differential Equations of the Probability Functions of the Weibull Distribution and their Application in Ecology

Weibull distribution has been applied to many areas in ecological studies and engineering. Application of the Weibull and other probability distributions in ecology are mainly in fitting ecological data which is very vital in revealing latent characteristics of the object of study. The use of the ordinary differential equations (ODE) in fitting has not been studied in ecological studies. Ordinary differential calculus was used to obtain the homogenous ODE of the probability density function (PDF), quantile function (QF), survival function (SF), inverse survival function (ISF), hazard function (HF) and reversed hazard function (RHF) whose solutions are their respective functions of the Weibull distribution. Different classes of ODEs were obtained. The novelty of this proposed method is applied to radiation data

Quantile Approximation of the Chi–square Distribution using the Quantile Mechanics

In the field of probability and statistics, the quantile function and the quantile density function which is the derivative of the quantile function are one of the important ways of characterizing probability distributions and as well, can serve as a viable alternative to the probability mass function or probability density function. The quantile function (QF) and the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the chi-square distribution do not have closed form representations except at degrees of freedom equals to two and as such researchers devise some methods for their approximations. One of the available methods is the quantile mechanics approach. The paper is focused on using the quantile mechanics approach to obtain the quantile density function and their corresponding quartiles or percentage points. The outcome of the method is second order nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) which was solved using the traditional power series method. The quantile density function was transformed to obtain the respective percentage points (quartiles) which were represented on a table. The results compared favorably with known results at high quartiles. A very clear application of this method will help in modeling and simulation of physical processes

BOUNDARY PROPERTIES OF BOUNDED INTERVAL SUPPORT PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS

This paper explores the properties of probability distributions as the random variables that defined those distributions approaching their bounded interval support. The models under study are: Kumaraswamy, Kumaraswamy Kumaraswamy, Kumaraswamy with beta and Kumaraswamy with beta distributions. The behavior of the probability density function of the random variables differs greatly at both the lower and the upper boundary points of the support. The results displayed in this research are the same for all the aforementioned pdfs and their cumulative distribution functions, survival functions and hazard functions. The results agreed with some well-known results in the literature. The probability density function, cumulative distribution function, survival function and hazard function approximate to the different values at the boundary points as the support approaches the boundary point

Classes of Ordinary Differential Equations Obtained for the Probability Functions of Kumaraswamy Inverse Rayleigh Distribution

In this paper, differential calculus was used to obtain the ordinary differential equations (ODE) of the probability density function (PDF), Quantile function (QF), survival function (SF), inverse survival function (ISF), hazard function (HF) and reversed hazard function (RHF) of Kumaraswamy inverse Rayleigh distribution. The parameters and support that define the distribution inevitably determine the nature, existence, uniqueness and solution of the ODEs. The method can be extended to other probability distributions, functions and can serve an alternative to estimation and approximation. Computer codes and programs can be used for the implementation

Properties of Sequences Generated by Summing the Digits of Cubed Positive Integers

Having established some properties of sequences generated by summing the digits of squared positive integers (Okagbue et al, 2015), we go a step further to explore the properties and characteristics of sequences generated by summing the digits of cubed positive integers. The results are different from summing the digits of squared positive integers. Two distinct sequences were obtained: one generated by summing the digits of cubed positive integers and the other sequence as the complement of the first but the domain remains the positive integers. The properties of these two sequences are discussed. The properties include their decompositions, subsequences, algebraic, additive, multiplicative, divisibility, uniqueness and ratios

Classes of Ordinary Differential Equations Obtained for the Probability Functions of Half-Cauchy and Power Cauchy Distributions

In this paper, the differential calculus (product rule) was used to obtain some classes of ordinary differential equations (ODE) for the probability density function, quantile function, survival function, inverse survival function, hazard function and reversed hazard function of the half-Cauchy and power Cauchy distributions. The stated necessary conditions required for the existence of the ODEs are consistent with the various parameters that defined the distributions. Solutions of these ODEs by using numerous available methods are new ways of understanding the nature of the probability functions that characterize the distributions. The method can be extended to other probability distributions and can serve an alternative to approximation especially the cases of the quantile and inverse survival function